How to Understand and Recognise Cyclothymia
Understanding this Form of Bipolar Affective Disorder
Nov 9, 2008
Cyclothymia is a rapid-cycling form of Bipolar Affective Disorder which creates alternating short periods of hypomania and depression, with periods of stability in between. Though this is often regarded as the ‘poor cousin’ of Bipolar I, it should by no means be underestimated as a very serious condition that needs long-term management and support by health care professionals.
Recognising Hypomania
Hypomania is a form of manic behaviour that has a number of warning signs to help recognise it. People with hypomania will exhibit some or all of the following symptoms:
- Rapid speech and restlessness, and a feeling that the rest of the world is moving at a slower pace than the person with Cyclothymia
- A sense of arrogance and self-importance, a heightened ego and a feeling of ambition and self-aggrandisement
- A reduced need for sleep and a large amount of energy
- The possibility of increased sexual appetite, coupled with a lack of judgement which may result in irrational behaviours (increased spending, such as setting up companies or engaging in risky liaisons)
Hypomania may be go unnoticed by the person undergoing the change, as it brings a large amount of confidence and may even be a pleasurable sensation at times. However, those around the person with Cyclothymia may notice the change and feel concerned. The Cyclothymiac may experience racing thoughts or frustration which can make normal interaction difficult. Friends and relatives need to be aware of the signs of hypomania, and also understand how to manage the situation with tact and care.
Recognising Depression
Depression can be a terrible condition which can have devastating effects on someone with Cyclothymia. The following symptoms may be evident:
- Suicidal thoughts and feelings, a craving for self harm and self-destruction
- Lethargy and either heightened or very reduced appetite; changes in weight
- Self-loathing and a lack of confidence
- No interest in socialising or going out
- The need for a very large amount of sleep, not wanting to get out of bed
- Hopelessness, guilt, anxiety, panic, lack of concentration and chronic unexplained pain.
- Both depression and hypomania can lead to social problems and difficulty in holding down a regular job. Cyclothymia can cause relationship issues and financial troubles, but it can be managed well to provide a decent standard of living for sufferers.
How to Manage Cyclothymia
The first step after diagnosis is to work out the right medication to even out mood swings and bring back a sense of balance to the sufferer. There are some excellent medications available which provide long-term relief to sufferers. Carbamazepine is perhaps the most suitable treatment. It is a mood stabiliser which is thought to bring relief to rapid-cycling bipolar.
Lithium and other mood stabilisers can also be used if someone does not respond to Carbamazepine. Most Healthcare professionals would advocate the use of an anti-depressant such as Citalopram to balance depression.
Other Available Support
Further support should be offered from a psychiatrist for evaluation and treatment, and ongoing help. Talking therapies such as CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) should also be offered. Counselling can bring support on an ongoing basis, both for the person suffering from the disorder and their friends and family.
MDF, the Bipolar Organisation, also provides a superb level of support and advice for all people with any form of Manic Depression.
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